Door Closers

A door closer returns the leaf to the frame and holds it shut on its own. On a fire door that is not a convenience, it is a legal requirement: a fire door propped or left open protects nothing, so closers are mandatory on most self-closing openings under Approved Document B.

Choosing and setting a closer

Match the closer power size to the door width and weight, then set the closing and latching speeds separately so the door shuts firmly without slamming. Overhead closers are the standard; concealed jamb closers suit domestic interiors where an arm on the door face would look wrong.

On a fire door the closer must be certified with the assembly, alongside fire rated hinges and intumescent strips and smoke seals. The doors themselves are in FD30 and FD60 ratings. Add a door stop to control the open swing.

Overhead closers and where they are required

A door closer returns the leaf to the frame and holds it there, which on a fire door is the difference between a working compartment and an open route for smoke. Any self-closing fire door needs a controlled closer, and in most shared, public and commercial settings that is a requirement rather than a preference. Overhead closers are the standard pattern: a body fixed to the leaf or the frame with an arm connecting to the other side.

Power size, backcheck and delayed action

Closers are rated by power size, and the size has to suit the door width and weight. Under-power a closer and the door will not latch; over-power it and children, older users and wheelchair users cannot open it. Adjustable power closers cover a range and are the practical choice on a refurbishment. Backcheck cushions the door near the fully open position so it cannot be thrown against a wall, and delayed action holds the leaf open longer for anyone moving slowly through.

Installation and pairing

Follow the template supplied with the closer, fix into solid material, and set closing speed and latching action separately once the door is hung. Use tested fire rated hinges and intumescent strips on a certified leaf, and read the fire door guide alongside how to stop a fire door slamming. Never wedge a closer-fitted fire door open: if it must stand open, that is a hold-open device, not a door stop. The full range is in door hardware.